In the process of 3D printing, the adhesion quality of the first layer directly affects the success of the whole printed piece. If the first layer is not well attached to the printing platform, the printed piece may become warped, displaced or even completely fall off, resulting in printing failure. Therefore, improving the adhesion effect of the first layer is the key link to ensure the success of 3D printing. The following will discuss how to effectively improve the adhesion of the first layer from the aspects of platform treatment, nozzle height adjustment, temperature control and auxiliary means.

First of all, the cleanliness and smoothness of the printing platform is the basis for ensuring good adhesion. If there is oil, dust or residue on the platform surface, the adhesion of materials will be significantly reduced. It is recommended to wipe the platform with alcohol or mild detergent before each printing to ensure that it is clean and oil-free. At the same time, the platform should be kept horizontal, otherwise the nozzles in some areas will be too high or too low, which will affect the uniform adhesion. You can use the automatic leveling function or the manual leveling tool for calibration.

Secondly, the distance between the nozzle and the platform must be accurately controlled. If the nozzle is too high from the platform, the material can't fit closely, resulting in cavity or floating; If it is too low, it may lead to nozzle blockage or platform scratch. The ideal state is that just a piece of paper can pass between the nozzle and the platform, and there is a certain resistance. When debugging, you should be patient and meticulous to ensure that the heights of the four corners and the center point are consistent.

Thirdly, properly adjusting the temperature of the platform and nozzle is helpful to enhance the adhesion effect. For PLA materials, the platform temperature is suggested to be set at 50-60℃; Engineering plastics such as ABS need higher platform temperature (about 100-110℃) to prevent edge warping. In addition, increasing the temperature of the first layer nozzle by 5-10℃ can make the material melt more easily and fit the platform.

Finally, the use of auxiliary attachment tools is also an effective way to improve the attachment of the first layer. For example, sticking a layer of masking paper, PEI board or glass plate with glue on the platform can significantly improve the adhesion of materials; Using the first layer of attachment auxiliary structure (such as raft layer and edge) can also enhance the connection strength between the printed piece and the platform.

To sum up, improving the adhesion of the first layer needs to start from platform preparation, nozzle adjustment, temperature control and additional means. Only by ensuring the stable adhesion of the first layer can we lay a solid foundation for the subsequent layers, thus improving the overall printing success rate and quality.